Severe punishment was common during the Thirty Years' War.

Another of Callot's series of 18 small etchings, known in English as "The Great Miseries and Misfortunes of War" depicts the consequences that befall the undisciplined soldier during the long thirty year conflict.

The French label translates to "It is not without cause that great captains have well-advisedly invented these punishments for idlers, blasphemers, traitors to duty, quarrellers and liars, whose actions, blinded by vice, make those of others lax and lawless."

The Strappado, 1633, a common form of torture used by the Inquisition at the time, was also a means of punishing errant soldiers and civilians alike. While the suspended victim awaits his fate, another recalcitrant is being led, hands bound behind him, by a halberdier (in the right foreground).